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世界最先进技术之一：日本干细胞再生治疗
每天我们体内的重要细胞都在慢慢减少，而干细胞却能藉由增生及分化，代谢损伤细胞并补充凋亡的细胞。 同时，干细胞也能透过信号传递，激活体内逐渐衰老弱化的细胞。 我们体内的所有细胞，包括构成皮肤或血液等组织器官的细胞等，寿命都非常短暂。而为了让所有的组织能够顺利的更新换代、维持身体良好运作，就必须不断补充新的细胞，来替换即将凋亡的细胞。而拥有这种能力的细胞，就称之为「干细胞」。干细胞必须具备以下两种能力： 「分化能力」 能分化成表皮细胞、红血球、血小板等体内各式各样的细胞。 自我复制能力」 能够复制分裂出与自己有着相同功能的细胞。 干细胞大致可以分为两大类。 「组织干细胞」其存在于组织或脏器内，不断制造及提供特定功能的细胞。如表皮细胞或是血球，其分化是有局限性的。举例而言，造血干细胞只能分化制造出血液相关的细胞；而神经干细胞的话，就只能分化制造出神经相关的细胞。每个细胞都有自己的角色分工。 「多能干细胞」（Pluripotent Stem Cell），可以像ES细胞（胚胎干细胞）一样，分化制造出人体任何细胞的干细胞。也就是说，多能干细胞可以造出我们体内的各种组织干细胞。iPS细胞（induced Pluripotent Stem Cell）则是将普通的细胞透过加工创造出的人工多能干细胞。…